Keywords
etiology
platelet elevation
hematology
platelets
How to Cite
Abstract
Abstract. High platelet count leads to a variety of disorders that can lead to serious conditions or signify underlying diseases such as cancer or inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is important to determine the etiology of thrombocytosis to evaluate the risk and provide appropriate treatment. Objective. To investigate the causes associated with thrombocytosis through a systematic review of the literature. Method. According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was carried out. The search used the PubMed, SCOPUS and Springer databases. The search included keywords and boolean AND and OR connections. Studies and review articles in English published between 2019 and 2023 were considered. Results. 17 recent articles out of a total of 1634 were analyzed, demonstrating a diverse and complex etiology of thrombocytosis. Within the etiology, primary conditions stand out such as the MPL and JAK2V617F mutation, premature age. There are also secondary causes such as splenic infarction, COPD, spondyloarthritis, iron deficiency anemia, neoplastic processes such as colorectal cancer, lung cancer, epithelial ovarian cancer, among others. Diseases that developed thrombocytosis in pediatric age were COVID-19, epilepsy and Clostridium perfringens infections. Conclusion. Although it is true that the diseases and conditions that lead to thrombocytosis are multiple, they all have similar mechanisms that can be explained with the primary etiology. This analysis highlights the importance of considering platelet count as an indicator in diagnosis and therapy.
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