Response to 5-azacytidine treatment in myelodysplastic syndrome patient

Abstract

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a very heterogeneous group of clonal disorders, characterized by cytopenia in peripheral blood and a higher risk of becoming acute myeloid leukemia.
Today, clinical treatment is focused on the risk classification using the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R). The 5-azacytidine treatment is one of the pillars for high risk patients, and sometimes for low risk as well. In order to assess their response, the International Working Group 2006 (IWG 2006) criteria are used. Material and methods. A cross-section descriptive analytical study was carried out from June 2016 to May 2018 in the Hematology Service at Néstor Kirchner Hospital in Tucumán, Argentina. All patients with MDS diagnose (N=22) were included. Response was evaluated in those patients receiving 5-azacytidine according to the IWG 2006 criteria. Results and conclusions. The prevailing age group was over 60 years old, with a slight male prevalence. Most of the patients were of a very low IPSS-R risk and they had a standard karyotype. Half of them received a 5-azacytidine treatment, and from them, 4 patients had a complete remission, 2 stable disease, 1 hematology improvement and 4 failure. These data are in accordance with reports provided by national and int rnational bibliography. Results intend to become a statistical reference. The main limitation was the number of evaluated individuals. The possibility to carry out studies under a cooperation agreement among institutions and national groups will make possible to solve the number of analyzed patients.