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Desde la década del 30 a la fecha, la variedad de agentes anticoagulantes se ha incrementado, siendo notable la persistencia en el empleo clínico de la droga inicial, la heparina no fraccionada, seguida por dicumarínicos, heparinas de bajo peso molecular, fondaparinux, bivaluridina, argatrobán, danaparoide y anticoagulantes de acción directa. Las indicaciones varían en amplitud y duración, pero resulta constante para todas estas drogas la presencia frecuente de errores en su indicación o administración. Esto resulta en efectos adversos posibles o reales severos y hasta mortales, con origen principal en el equipo responsable del tratamiento. Se analizan en esta actualización algunos factores contribuyentes, las equivocaciones más frecuentes observables con los diferentes fármacos y los métodos más efectivos para evitarlas.
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